·         Types of resources, Interdependent relationship between nature, technology and institutions, Need for resource planning, Land as a resource, Soil types and distribution, changing land use pattern, land degradation and conservation measures.

·         Types of resources, Interdependent relationship between nature, technology and institutions, Need for resource planning, Land as a resource, Soil types and distribution, changing land use pattern, land degradation and conservation measures.

1.      Understanding the value of resources and the need for their judicious utilization and conservation.

2.      Explain various government policies for institutional as well as technological reforms since independence.